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When people speak of the tide as being "in" or "out," they are referring to the cyclic changes of the water level within this tidal range. The difference between the highest and lowest tides is called the tidal range. Islands that lie the furthest from continents have the smallest tidal ranges of up to about 1 m (3.3 ft.). This bay is funnel-shaped, which increases the magnitude of the tides. The Bay of Fundy, off Nova Scotia, features the greatest tidal range, which measures more than 15 m (49 ft.). The shape of coastlines can also affect tides. The tides during the quarter moon cycles are called neap tides.Ī region's wind and weather patterns can alter tide height.
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The tides during this time are referred to as spring tides.ĭuring the quarter moon portions of the lunar cycle, the sun and moon are at right angles in relation to the Earth and the resulting tidal range is smaller. The combined gravitational effect causes extremely high-high and low-low tides.
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Some regions, such as the Gulf of Mexico, only have one high tide and one low tide each day.ĭuring a new or full moon, both the sun and moon are in line with the Earth. In most coastal regions, one of the daily high tides is higher than the other high tide and one of the low tides is lower than the other. (A lunar day is 50 minutes longer than a solar day.) The time between each high and low tide (or low and high tide) is 6 hours and 12.5 minutes. In most areas, typically two high tides and two low tides occur within a 24 hour and 50-minute lunar day. The sun has about half the effect that the moon has on the Earth's tides. Tides are created by the gravitational pull of the moon and, to a lesser extent the sun, upon the Earth's oceans.